Invited by the African Union-NEPAD and launched in February, 2019 at the 32nd African Union Summit and the 37th session of the NEPAD Heads of State and Government Orientation Committee Meeting, the report uses IFs to take a long-term, macro, and integrated approach to thinking about four transformations already taking place in Africa: demography, human development and inequality, technology, and the environment. The analysis seeks to inform policy, investment, and development choices for Africa’s pursuit of Agenda 2063 and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.