The major components of the International Futures (IFs) modeling system are extensively documented in working papers, and documentation of any given component is updated at intervals to reflect additions and refinements as well as connections to other system components. Because of its evolving nature, it is important to note working paper numbers and dates when using and citing model documentation.
Gao, Jing, and Brian C. O'Neill. 2020. "Mapping global urban land for the 21st century with data-driven simulations and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways." Nature Communications 11, 2302 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15788-7
Zoraghein, Hamidreza, and Brian C. O'Neill. 2019. “U.S. State-level Projections of the Spatial Distribution of Population Consistent with Shared Socioeconomic Pathways.” Sustainability 2020, 12(8), 3374; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12083374
O'Neill, Brian C. and Steve Hedden. 2019. "Xcel Energy carbon emissions targets and limiting warming to less than 2 degrees C." Frederick S. Pardee Center for International Futures, University of Denver, Denver, CO.
2019. Guarrieri, Thomas R. and Collin J. Meisel. "Extremists and unconventional weapons: examining the pursuit of chemical and biological agents." Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression